magmas

Prior to 1960, geologists Bowen and Hess disagreed over whether or not the very high temperatures needed to produce magmas rich in magnesium could have existed on Earth.

在1960年之前，地质学家鲍温和赫斯在地球上是否存在产生富含镁的岩浆所需的高温这一问题上存在分歧。

How does Etna produce its fiery mix of magmas?

埃特纳如何制造出它炙热的混合岩浆呢？

The first stage was mixing of gabbroic and granitic magmas, which formed dioritic rock;

第一期为辉长质与花岗质岩浆混合，并生成闪长质岩石；

The metallogenic materials are mainly from the deep magmas and the rest from upper crust.

成矿物质主要来源于深部岩浆，有部分地壳物质的加入。

Normally, he said, volcanologists have to do "postmortem studies" of long-solidified magmas or study active lava.

据马施的经验，一般情况下，火山学家只能就凝结成岩的岩浆做一些“马后炮”的工作，或者在火山喷发的时候以熔岩为研究材料。